The additive forms for 9, 90, and 900 ( VIIII, LXXXX, and DCCCC ) have also been used, although less often. While subtractive notation for 4, 40 and 400 ( IV, XL and CD) has been the usual form since Roman times, additive notation to represent these numbers ( IIII, XXXX and CCCC) continued to be used, including in compound numbers like XXIIII, LXXIIII, and CCCCLXXXX. Prior to the introduction of Arabic numerals in the West, ancient and medieval users of Roman numerals used various means to write larger numbers see large numbers below.įorms exist that vary in one way or another from the general standard represented above.Ī clock face with the Roman numerals typical for clocks, in Bad Salzdetfurth, Germany
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